Musical theatre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Musical theatre - Essay Example Musical is the art of musical theater and it is a combination of dialogue and singing. Usually musical has several authors and they are rarely written by one script writer. The writing of the musical involves composer, lyricist and script. Every musical tends to be unique and specific. It tends to be remembered by the audience in the theatre. The melody in most cases inspires the authors to write a musical. It is apparent that aspiration is the main point in creating a masterpiece for musical theatre. Musical theatre sometimes adopts books and plays and reinterprets them in a new way. The Black Crook was the first theatre musical which adapted the modern principles of this genre. The musical lasted for five hours. And musical theatres became rather popular among people. Musical theatres created a new world full of mystery and admiration. Once visited musical theatre it is difficult to part with it. Musicals became like a fairy tales. (Kresner 1995) Nowadays musical theater became like a melody, which is being listened by everybody in the whole world. Foe many yeares theatre musica included popular music. For our parents and grandparents music theatre was something like musical channels on TV for younger generation. The older generation was inspired by musical theatre and such famous composers as Cole Porter, Jerome Kern, Irving Berlin and Richard Rodgers will be always remembered and honoured. But for young generation these composers are unknown. Some musical combine, for example, pop trends with classical tradition and libretto. As an example it is possible to mention musical Mama Mia, which is told to be the most entertaining modern musical. The lexicon of musical theatre was mentioned to be like a hybrid. (Lodge 2005) It is apparent that nowadays musical theatre is artistical and practical venue fot modern composers. Many of composers are aspired to write musicals, because they were brough uo with Porter, Kern and Rodgers. Randy Newman is also markable exmple of composer who tried to create modern pop musicals for musical theatres. Some admitted that musical theatre is like "smorgasbord", you can choose everything you like: singing, dancing, greatest hits and sad motives. Some people believe that musical is rather dissident form of theatre which referred to the theory of Brecht. (Kresner 1995) But it is necessary to observe the reaction of the audience of the musical theatre. The grown-ups sit stark in their sits and children look line they are burning fireworks. Everybody is impressed and full of admiration and delight. Musical theaters are really exciting and interesting. (Kresner 1995) The power of musical theatre was told to move people intuitively and emotionally to another world of songs and dances - to the wonderful fairy world. That power appealed to many people and they actually stuck to musical theatre. The people's love in the musical theatre is always storytelling, dancing and singing. In musical theatre people are always greatly attracted by gorgeous

Identify and Critically Analyze the Relationship Between Law Essay

Identify and Critically Analyze the Relationship Between Law Enforcement and Harm Reduction Aims - Essay Example This essay stresses that harm reduction as an aim in law enforcement is normally related to crime prevention particularly in drug related ones. Let me begin therefore about the characteristics of the crime which will cause a problem in harm reduction. This paper makes a conclusion that drug markets are resilient and adaptable, but believed that this resilience can be turned to advantage by drug law enforcement when considered in terms of overall harm rather than harm per unit. The author gave the example of a street market that is operating in a residential area near a school, a treatment centre and a playground. The author said that one could argue that if, through law enforcement measures, this market was pushed to relocate and then reappeared in an abandoned industrial area not far away, the total harms reduced might be considerable even if there was no discernable reduction in actual use. Caulkins then justified that there may be an argument for using law enforcement measures to disadvantage those sellers who employ particularly noxious selling tactics such as violence, using children as ‘lookouts’ and evading enforcement by corrupting officials. It must be observed from the above statement that Caulkins is still arguing that law enforcement are still necessary to use against sellers who employ particularly noxious selling tactics such as violence, using children as ‘lookouts’ and evading enforcement by corrupting officials.

Discussion Concerning the Principle Sources of Law in the UK

Discussion Concerning the Principle Sources of Law in the UK This essay will consider the principle sources of law in the UK, and how law is made through; Parliament which is considered the supreme law making body, common law or law made by judges, and European Union law (EU law). It will explain the different processes by which law can be changed and how law reform is produced by parliamentary and judicial activity. It will then show how Parliament takes into account social, technological and economic changes when dealing with particularities of law reform through the Law Commission, Royal Commissions, and various member bills. It will also show how the judiciary use interpretation of the law to implement reform it in an opportunistic way case by case. Consideration will be given to EU law and how this affects the law making process. The British constitutution, unlike other constitutions throughout the world is an unwritten constitution. It is a creation of historical progress and while many of its sources are written it remains uncodified. The constitution sets out how power should be balanced between the governing bodies. In the UK there are three main sources of law, Parliamentary law (statute law), Common law and EU law. Parliamentary law in the form of Acts, begin in a variety of ways as Bills, these are proposals for a new piece of legislation presented to Parliament and must go through various stages of agreement, by both the House of Commons and the House of Lords before being formally approved by the reigning sovereign, in the form of Royal Assent in order to become part of the UK Law. Public Bills presented by a government minister affect the entire population and generally become Acts of Parliament, while Private Member Bills although similar are presented by non government ministers such as MPs or Lords. Many of these do not become law, but do raise publicity around the issues they are concerned with. The Children Act 2004 created a Childrens Commissioner for England in response to issues raised from a Private Members Bill (The Open University, 2011, p.101). A Private Bill is presented by other organisations such as private companies and affects only a minority of society. Bills may be passed because of a national emergency or in reaction to some new technology. The Anti-Terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001, was created in direct response to the events of terrorist attacks on America on 11 September 2001. It allows for the indefinite detention without trial of foreign nationals who are suspected of posing a threat to the security of this country (The Daily Tel egraph, 2003). However, this may be incompatible with the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). During the law making process there are many influences on Parliament in the form of Law Commissions, Royal Commissions, and various pressure groups. The Law Commission was established by The Law Commission Act 1965 as an independent body to reassess the existing law, recommend reforms and abolish old laws or amend existing laws. Royal Commissions are advisory groups set up by Government to generally deal with non political issues. The introduction of the Criminal Appeal Act 1995 came about from recommendations from the commission when the Birmingham Six successfully had their convictions overturned. In the UK historically, the judiciary make law by way of contributing to the development of the common law. The legal principles are built on through the courts by judges case by case over time, through an established practice of precedent known as stare decisis meaning to stand by decided cases. In the case of R v R [1992] 1 AC 599, the House of Lords, which was the highest court until 2009, decided to overrule previous precedent by recognising the offence of marital rape, however the House of Lords felt constrained to say they were changing the law, but were simply removing an error as to the true meaning of the law. Accurate law reporting through Year Books, The Law Reports, Weekly Lay Reports and European Law Reports, allows for this legal doctrine to be collated, identified and accessed. The doctrine of binding precedent refers to the hierarchical structure of the court system, and means that a decision made in a higher court is binding on the courts below it, however, this can lead to the judiciary overstepping their constitutional role by actually making law instead of applying it. Judges can ensure that a statute is interpreted properly, giving flexibility without waiting for Parliaments prolonged processes. By the use of statutory interpretation the judiciary can influence the law using rules developed over time, however, each rule can result in different decisions. Statutory interpretation is made up of four rules that the judiciary use when deciding on the outcome of a court case. By applying the literal rule, the judge considers what the statute actually says in its every day meaning and applies this, unless this would produce an outcome that was absurd, then the golden rule which allows the judiciary to look for another meaning for the words in the statue. The mischief rule gives more discretion as the judiciary can look at the law before the statute was created, in order to discover what mischief the statute was intended to deal with. With the purposive rule the court is not just looking at what the statute intended but also what they think Parliament meant to achieve. The UK courts are divided into a hierarchy which practices law at all levels, in both civil and criminal matters. The lowest court is the Magistrates Courts, followed by the Crown Court and County Courts, the High Court, the Court of Appeal and the highest court is the Supreme Court (formerly the House of Lords). The hierarchy system means that decisions can be checked or overruled by higher courts to take into account changes to political, social or technological conditions. Decisions made in the Supreme Court are binding to all UK courts. Other influences come from the European Court of Human Rights (ECrtHR) and the Court of Justice of the European Union which overrides domestic precedent. EU law has power over UK law, even without having been approved by the UK Parliament and, where applicable, the UK is bound by that law and cannot make conflicting laws. The UK was the first country to ratify the ECHR in 1951, and it has been introduced into English law covering basics such as the right to life, and the right to marry and found a family. Any new laws must be compatible with the ECHR. The Human Rights Act 1998 is classed as one of the most important pieces of legislation in the UK, it allows the ECHR to be part of British law, and allows citizens to use the domestic court system when breaches of their rights are in dispute. Whilst this does not allow the courts to overrule an Act of Parliament, they can make a declaration of incompatibility under s.4 of the Act. Parliament then decides whether the law should be changed, but this allows the judiciary some discretionary powers under s.8 allowing them to award remedies. Law making in England and Wales is based on a democratic Parliament so that the public can have an effect on law reform. Through general elections every five years it ensures that the government does not remain in power against the wishes of the people, however most people vote based on a partys proposals, and the winning party are not legally bound to keep these promises. As the first past the post election system is not a balanced representation system, a government may not have a majority of public support through votes, despite winning a majority of constituent seats. This allows for a powerful government with overwhelming Parliamentary power to push through its required legislation whilst having the support of a minority of the people. Legislation can be passed during times of crisis, following a breakthrough in science on human embryo cloning The Human Reproductive Cloning Act 2001 came into force within nine days. The Law Reform Act 1965 codifies all areas of law, including co rporate law, family law, and reproductive rights The introduction of the Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide Act 2007 (CMCHA 2007) came about in response to societys frustration with the lack of successful corporate prosecutions such as the POs Herald of Free Enterprise disaster in 1987, R v PO [1991] in which 190 people were killed, when the bow doors were left open after setting sail. The current law at the time lacked provisions for negligence where death occurred, as the common law offence required an individual to be responsible, even though the coroners report gave a ruling of unlawful killing. In such a large corporation the prosecution were not able to identify the individuals responsible for obvious and serious risk of the ship setting sail with its bow doors open (Bergman, D. 1990). The Law Commission with pressure from the Health and Safety Executive and the Centre for Corporate Accountability proposed reform for the creation of the 2007 Act. Parliament took more than ten years to implement the legislation, and while showing some positive reforms, is limited. New prosecutions can only be prosecuted by the Director of Public Prosecutions and only in the High Court. The judiciary powers under s.6 only allow for indictment of a fine if a corporation is convicted of corporate manslaughter or corporate homicide, with ss.9 and 10 providing the sanction of remedial orders for them to remedy the breach. In 2011 the successful conviction of a company under the CMCHA 2007 led to a large fine for Cotswold Geotechnical Holdings Ltd, on appeal the Court of Appeal upheld the conviction but no real precedent was set as it was small family run business with a sole director. The judiciary will have to wait for prosecutions of larger organisations before any interpretation of th e Act will become clear. Family law in the UK has been subject to substantial modification over the years, through social changes encompassing marriage, divorce, non-marital cohabitation, same sex partnerships and adoption. These changes in ideas about family can affect legal issues such as taxation, inheritance and other civil and criminal laws. The Marriage Act 1949 was challenged in the European Court of Human Rights in the case of B and L v United Kingdom [2006]. UK law did not allow a father-in-law to marry his daughter -in-law, even though both were divorced and had formed a relationship. The ECrtHR found this incompatible with Article 12 of the convention and consequently the UK Parliament reformed this law in the Marriage Act 1949 (Remedial) Order 2007. The concept of common law husband or wife does not exist in the UK legal system, couples who live together, whether same sex or heterosexual, and are not married do not have the same legal rights as those that are. The Odysseus Group, a pressure group for equal rights for all called for changes in the law to allow these couples to have the same legal rights as married couples. This and the case of Anna Homsi (The Open University, 2011 p.54) led to the creation of The Civil Partnership Act 2004 allowing same sex couples to register their partnership and be afforded the same rights as a married couple. Parliament left out recommendations from The Law Commission to include heterosexual couples in the Bill, during the parliamentary term. It maintains that heterosexual couples can marry if they want to whereas same sex couples cannot under the present law. Technological and medical advances have occurred in a relatively short period of time, and the necessity to regulate these practices became an issue of statutory regulation as they are in the public interest. The legal issues with reproductive technology brought about the creation of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990 (HFEA 1990). The Act sets out the principles, prohibitions and created the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) to regulate and assist the judiciary in applying the law. This Act however was implemented based on technology and science from 1984. Section 12 of the HFEA 1990 sets out the conditions for licensing, and requires compliance of section 3, the requirements for effective consent of treatment (The Open University, 2012 p.91). This was challenged by Diane Blood who wanted to have fertility treatment using the sperm of her dead husband. However, the sperm had been taken while her husband was in a coma and he had not given written consent to its use. The HFEA refused to authorise treatment without consent, and it was ruled in the Court of Appeal that she could exercise her rights under s.10 of the ECHR to have fertility treatment in another EU state. This illustrates that the law was open to interpretation, as written consent was not specified in the Act. The court stated that as Parliament had delegated responsibility to the Authority, then the courts should not interfere, however they did point to considerations with regards to the EC Treaty and Diane Bloods enforceable rights. The Government acknowledged this position and no amendments have been made to the Act. In the case of R (on the application of Quintavalle on behalf of Pro-life Alliance) v Secretary of State for Health [2001] EWHC Admin 918 the courts ruled, after using a purposive interpretation that the embryos created through cell nuclear replacement (CNR) could be used for experimentation without the limitation of time or any other restriction. In the Court of Appeal reference was made to the case of Royal College of Nursing of the United Kingdom v Department of Health and Social Security [1981] AC 800, and concluded that the legislation would have imposed the same restrictions on embryos from CNR as embryos from a person. They interpreted that although the technology did not exist when the Act was created, Parliaments regulation of the use of embryos was clear. The Government created The Human Reproductive Cloning Act 2001. In conclusion, this essay shows how the law making process and law reform is defined through technological, social and economic developments. Parliament as a public elected body deals with the particularities of reform through the various commissions, pressure groups and members bills as they are accountable to the public. The judiciary can be seen to reform the law through the common law system, using principles of interpretation, and they do this in an opportunistic way through cases as they are presented to the courts. Although the implementation of The Human Rights Act 1998 gives judges the power to declare incompatibilities with the current law, it is still opportunistic, and piecemeal. Bibliography Statutes Abortion Act 1967 Anti-Terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 Children Act 2004 Civil Partnership Act 2004 Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide Act 2007 Criminal Appeal Act 1995 The European Convention of Human Rights Family Law Act 1996 Family Law (Scotland) Act 2006 Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990 The Human Reproductive Cloning Act 2001 The Human Rights Act 1998 The Law Commission Act 1965 Marital Causes Act 1973 Marriage Act 1949 Marriage Act 1949 (Remedial) Order 2007 (2007 No. 438) Cases B and L v United Kingdom [2006] 1 FLR 35 R v Human Fertilisation and Emryology Authority, ex parte Blood [1997] 2 All ER 687 R v PO European Ferries (Dover) Ltd (1991) 93 Cr App R 72; [1991] Crim : R 695 R v R [1992] 1 AC 599 R (on application of Quintaville on behalf of Pro-life Alliance) v Secretary of State for Health [2001] EWHC Admin 918 Royal College of Nursing of the United Kingdom v Department of Health and Social Security [1981] AC 800 Course Units Arthur, R. (2011) Unit 7 Unlawful Conduct, W100 Block 2 Legal Personality, p57-67, Milton Keynes, The Open University Arthur, R., Goodey, J., and Howells, C. (2011) Unit 3 Making Law (1) Parliament, W100 Block 1, Rules, and rule making, p.89-113, Milton Keynes, The Open University Howells, C. (2012), Unit 25 Law, justice and social change: (3) law and reproductive technology, W100 Block 7, Justice, p.90-124, Milton Keynes, The Open University Howells, C. and Slapper, G. (2011) Unit 4 Making Law (2) common law. W100 Block 1, Rules, and rule making, p.141-192, Milton Keynes, The Open University Howells, C. And Zambellas, A. (2011) Unit 5 Making Law (3) Europe, W100 Block 1 Rules, and rule making, p.207-230, Milton Keynes, The Open University Montgomery, H. (2012), Unit 24 Law, justice and social change: (2) marriage and family, W100 Block 7 Justice, p.47-74, Milton Keynes, The Open University Weait, M. and Goodey, J. (2011) Unit 3 Making Law: (1) Parliament, W100 Block 1 Rules, and rule making, p89-138, Milton Keynes, The Open University Zambellas, A. and Voiculescu, A. (2012) Unit 23 Law, justice and social change: (1) corporate manslaughter, W100 Block 7 Justice, p.13-32, Milton Keynes, The Open University Reader Articles Bergman, D. (1990) Recklessness in the boardroom, New Law Journal, 140, 6477, p.1496, Reading 28 Reader 3, W100 Rules, rights and justice, Milton Keynes, The Open University Community Legal Service Direct Information Leaflet 7 (2005), The Human Rights Act, Legal Services Commission, Reading 7 Reader 3, W100 Rules, rights and justice, Milton Keynes, The Open University Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide Act 2007 (extract), 2007 Chapter 19, Reading 35 Reader 3, W100 Rules, rights and justice, Milton Keynes, The Open University The Daily Telegraph (2003) Desperate times need temporary measures, Daily Telegraph, London, 19 December 2003, p.23, Reading 5 Reader 1, W100 Rules, rights and justice, Milton Keynes, The Open University Forlin, G. (2007) Worth the wait?, New Law Journal, 157 NLJ 1165, Reading 36 Reader 3, W100 Rules, rights and justice, Milton Keynes, The Open University Gerry, A. (2005) Happy birthday human rights, New Law Journal, 155 NLJ 1469, Reading 8 Reader 3, W100 Rules, rights and justice, Milton Keynes, The Open University Muylle, K. J. (2003) Improving the effectiveness of parliamentary legislative procedures, Statute Law Review, 24 (169), Reading 7 Reader 1, W100 Rules, rights and justice, Milton Keynes, The Open University Slapper, G. (1996) Should the judges or MPs make the laws?, The Times, London, The Times Newspapers, 2 July 1996, Reading 23 Reader 1, W100 Rules, rights and justice, Milton Keynes, The Open University Weait, M. (2003) The Civil Partnerships Bill, Family Law News, January 2003, Reading 38, Reader 3, W100 Rules, rights and justice, Milton Keynes, The Open University DVD The Open University (2008), Organisations and Justice, W100 DVD, W100 Rules, rights and justice, Milton Keynes, The Open University (DVD) The Open University (2008), The case of Diane Blood;, W100 DVD, W100 Rules, rights and justice, Milton Keynes, The Open University Other References Slapper, G, and Kelly, D. (2011) The English Legal System (12th edn), Abingdon, Routledge, p.153), Milton Keynes, The Open University

Getting Back into the Game :: Personal Narrative Essays

Getting Back into the Game I have always been involved in sports in some way or another. I was team captain in every sport imaginable in elementary school. Junior high I continued to be involved in sports, but it wasn't until high school started that I really got into it. I played soccer, softball and basketball at Rogers High School. I particularly loved soccer. Just playing it gave me a rush I had never felt before. Also knowing that this sport took a lot of hard work and dedication gave me a sense of satisfaction, because I knew that I put everything I had into it. Putting a lot of dedication and hard work into something may prove to be useful in the future. When I had my baby, being involved in sports at all seemed impossible. Then one day, my friend Cory from work was telling me that her daughter wanted to play soccer. She then said that she was going to coach because no one else had volunteered in her area. The only problem was that she didn't know the first thing about soccer. That gave me an idea. I played soccer in high school, so I thought I could help her, so I did. My friend Cory and I went down to Spokane Youth Sports Association and volunteered to become soccer coaches. I couldn't believe that I was actually getting to do this. I thought it was going to be great. I had not played soccer in a while, so I was nervous when I first started coaching. I never knew how hard it would be to dedicate yourself and your time to something without getting compensated for it. It was especially hard when the kids were more often than not pretty hard to deal with. I was coaching a team of nine-year-old girls. Some of those girls seemed to want to be there, and others not. That made it very difficult to get all of their attention at once. Sometimes it was so bad I felt that I was wasting my time. But I stuck it out in hopes that they would come around, after all they were only nine. As time went on the girls started to come around and started listening and enjoying the

Safeguarding And Forms Of Abuse

I am going to briefly talk bout the main types of abuse and outline a general picture about safeguarding. I will then focus on two types of abuse and explain them in more detail, giving examples of real life events. Safeguarding is? Safeguarding means protection against something undesirable. Everyone has the responsibility to safe guard children and young people. The Government and safeguarding legislation guidance says that safeguarding means: Protecting children from maltreatment. Preventing impairment of children's health or development.Ensuring that children are growing up In circumstances consistent with the provision f safe and effective care. Taking action to enable all children and young people to have the best outcome. â€Å"the action we take to promote the welfare of children and protect them from harm ; is everyone's responsibility. Everyone who comes into contact with children and families has a role to play. † Types of Abuse Deprived of health benefits – this is when a abuser will stop a victim from getting any form of help such as seeing a doctor, a dentist or attending an appointment.The abuser me see that the victim doesn't require that specific attention because they may see the victim as not worthy or special. They may also think that the Injuries the victim has may become noticed and be looked Into leading to the abuser being found out and reported. Physical abuse- this Is when an abuser physically Injuries a volt such as halting and cackling them or anything where the abuser Inflicts pain on the victim. This abuse is a form of excitement for the abuser as they have control over the victim.People may also hit out through stress or maybe due to losing their temper but there are lots of other reasons. This specific abuse will include the abuser hitting the victim in some way to get what they want from them and to keep hey grounded and under control by striking fear into the victim. Verbal abuse- this is when a abuser will say th ings to a victim to make them feel bad about themselves. This can result in the victim going on to act in a bad way such as saying verbal abuse to others therefore repeating the abusers words.This abuse is used to make others feel bad about themselves so that the abuser can feel good about them self. Emotional abuse – this can be linked In with any other form of abuse as the volt will be feeling certain things and In a certain way. Emotional abuse is where a abuser ill try to break the volt down emotionally resulting In the victim feeling bad about themselves all the time and the abuser being able to get inside a victim's head bad at what they do or how they act or making a victim feel bad inside constantly.Financial abuse- this form of abuse is when a abuser will take money from a victim, whether the victim knows or not is a different matter. An abuser may simply steal money from a victim by going into their purse or wallet and taking money or by doing it in a sneaky manner such as borrowing money or playing the victim to a game which they won't win. Sexual abuse- this form of abuse includes when a abuser will touch a person in a sexual manner without being given consent by the person to do it such as touching breasts or genitals.Sexual abuse can also include rape this is when the person hasn't or cannot consent to sex but the abuser continues to do the act. Psychological abuse- this is when the abuser will try to get inside the head of a victim so they can obtain what they want or get the victim to do or say what they want this will allow the abuser to convince the victim that it is k to be doing this to them. Neglected- this is a form of abuse where the abuser will not let the victim have food, water, hygiene or medical attention and they will make sure that no one else allows those things to happen.The abuser may also stop a victim for Joining in with things or being in a group with people they would like to socialist with. This form of abuse leaves the victim to survive on their own without having any means to survive with. Bullying- bullying is when a abuser will use any of the forms of abuse to make a person or a group of people feel bad. Emotional, verbal and physical abuse are molly linked with bullying as they can make a person feel bad about themselves rather quickly and easily. Physical abuse I am now going to focus on two types of abuse which are physical abuse and self harming.Physical abuse is any form of pain which is inflicted on a person and is done on a daily basis. Hurting someone in an intentional way is physical abuse. This form of abuse may consist of many things such as: Scratching Head butting Shouting Drowning Dragging Around Sleep Deprivation Throwing Outside/Locking Outside Putting in stress positions Blinding (Blindfolding) scolding Cutting Kneeing Strangling Hitting Pushing Pulling Hair Biting Physical abuse allows them to control someone as the abusers strike fear into their victims leading them to d o, say and act like the abuser wants them to.Physical abuse took place in Long Care (Stoke Place), here the patients were physically abused by their careers. This involved them being slapped, kicked and hit on a daily basis to control them into doing as the careers wished or to prevent them from doing something. Self harming Self-harm is when someone intentionally hurt themselves by damaging or injuring heir body and is used as a way to deal with or express emotional distress.In most cases people who self harm do it to help them to deal with overwhelming and unbearable emotional issues which are caused by problems such as: Social factors- like being bullied, having difficulties with work or school or having difficult relationships with friends or family. Trauma- such as physical or sexual abuse or the death of a close family member or friend. Mental health conditions- such as depression or borderline personality disorder. Self harming is a lot more common than people realism and can take part in any person's life.It is more common to appear in the lives of 15 and 16 years old as in 2002 a I-J survey showed an estimate that 10% of girls and 3% of boys had self harmed in the previous year. In some cases people self-harm with the intension to kill themselves but often people self harm to punish their selves, express distress or to relieve tension. Self harming can also be seen as a cry for help in some cases. Types and signs of self harm – There are many ways that people can intentionally harm their selves such as: Cutting or burning their skin Punching themselves Poisoning themselves with things such as tabletsMisusing alcohol or drugs Deliberately starving themselves (anorexia nervous) or binge eating (bulimia nervous) People who self harm will keep it a secret as they fear the shame of discovery; therefore it is often up to family or friends to notice when someone is self harming and for them to approach them with understanding and care. Some sign may i nclude unexplained injuries or a person may show signs of a low self esteem or even depression. Someone who is self harming could seriously hurt themselves and should therefore be referred to a doctor so that they can discuss the underlying sue and find a way of treatment and therapy to help them.The events such as physical, sexual and emotional abuse that took place at places such as Long Care (Stoke Place), Wintergreen view and Stafford Hospital (Mid-Staffordshire Hospital Trust) may have lead to a person to self harm as they may feel bad about themselves and therefore feel the need to punish their selves or in some cases end their lives. In places like this if self harming was discovered in a patient nothing would have been done to help them as the abusers would have seen it as a cry for help which could lead them to getting caught in the acts they had committed.In conclusion this presentation shows that abuse happens in lots of people's daily life, whether they are in a care hom e or in home or workplace and that in some cases it doesn't get found out about or nothing is done about it. It is important that abusers get caught and prosecuted and that the victims get the help they need. It is also important to out about things that a person may have seen or noticed in another. Places such as the ones mentioned in the presentation were involved in most of the types of abuse discussed and nothing was done about it until it was captured on film.

True Freedom; Peace of Mind

True Freedom: Peace of Mind In A Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass: An American Slave, Frederick Douglass sees true freedom as more than being a free man. Just because you are not owned by someone does not mean you are free; just because you are owned by someone does not mean you are enslaved. Douglass states, â€Å"I endured all the evils of a slave, and suffered all the care and anxiety of a freeman. I found it a hard bargain. But, hard as it was, I thought it better than the old mode of getting along. It was a step towards freedom to be allowed to bear the responsibilities of a freeman, and I was determined to hold upon it† (221).Douglass is referencing the time in his life that he was working for Master Hugh shortly before his escape into a free state. To Douglass slavery was not being owned by someone; freedom was not being able to work for your own wages; nor was freedom given to you by your master. Freedom is crafted by ones own willpower and inner self. Thoug h Douglass is still a slave he is able to make his own living by hiring himself to Master Hugh. Even though he is still enslaved to Hugh Douglass has his own freedoms in the form of being able to do the work as he pleases as long as he makes enough to pay his master every week.He is on the line of being free and being a slave at the same time. Douglass exemplifies his freedom of working on his own accord by saying, â€Å"I was ready to work at night as well as day, and by the most untiring perseverance and industry, I made enough to meet my expenses, and lay up a little money every week† (221). This is not the true freedom that Douglass wishes but it is a degree of freedom that must not be overlooked easily. The little freedom he is allocated allows him to make enough money to escape from his enslavement. Generating ones own profit and working to live has its own freedoms, but it is not truly being free.Douglass claims, â€Å"Rain or shine, work or no work, at the end of eac h week the money must be forthcoming, or I must give up my privilege† (221). He is expressing the fact that at any point in time the few freedoms that he has can be ripped from him like a lion stealing meat from the bones of its prey. He may not fight back against his master, he can only sit there, letting everything he worked so hard to achieve be taken from him as he watches it disappear. If at any point in time your freedoms can be stripped of you, then you are not truly free at all. To be truly free one must allow themselves to desire that freedom at any cost.Douglass is able to endure the hardships of this labor because it provides a means, in the form of currency, to escape. His wish to be free is not as much a desire for physical freedom as it is a desire of inner peace of mind. Douglass comes to this realization after he has escaped and is at an anti-slavery meeting. He says, â€Å"The truth was, I felt myself a slave, and the idea of speaking to white people weighed me down. I spoke but a few moments, when I felt a degree of freedom, and said what I desired with considerable ease† (235). It is not until the moment he allows the freedom the seep into his soul that he truly becomes a free man.He is able to open up his mind and express his views and experience only after his desires to be free are accepted by himself and he truly sees the meaning of being free. Slavery and freedom are more alike than one would presume. As in this day and age, a family living in the ghetto is similar to a family securing only enough money to pay for their housing; both are living similar lifestyles of poverty and without any luxury. The difference is that one family is working on their own to earn and provide that housing while the other is just being given it.Slavery, in itself, is being dependent on a higher power to provide for you while you do what they tell you to do. Freedom is the ability to earn what you receive and having the peace of mind that you d eserved it. Douglass worked hard to earn his freedom and supply for his own family on his own accord. To Douglass slavery was not being owned by someone; freedom was not being able to work for your own wages; nor was freedom given to you by your master. True freedom is what Douglass earned through his trials and deserved as a man who achieved his goals and finally has achieved freedom and peace in his own mind.

A geographical area where one or more languages are endangered. The WritePass Journal

A geographical area where one or more languages are endangered. Introduction A geographical area where one or more languages are endangered. IntroductionBibliographyRelated Introduction The geographic area that will be discussed in t his case study is Japan and the language that is endanger is Ainu language. The word Ainu means â€Å"human† in the Ainu language; Ezo, or Yezo, in old Japanese; or Utari, which is now called by many academics. The Ainu people, are ethnic group of native Hokkaido, from the northern part of Honshu which is in northern Japan, the Kurite Islands, much of Sakhalin, and the Southern most third of the Kamchatka peninsula. Although the accurate number of the Aniu population is not available, as it is common for the Ainu to deny being Ainu, due a long history of segregation by Japanese people.   It is estimated that there are currently 23,782[1], although figures could be doubled or even tripled[2]. Thus there is an endangering decline in the Ainu population. The origin of the Ainu is very controversial as there is no existence of any written proof of Ainu language or where it originated. Moreover, the Japanese government does not distinguish the Ainu as separate people from the Japanese, which also makes it difficult to accurately state where it originated from and the current Ainu population. In addition, to the fact as stated above Ainu are reluctant to admit their indentify to prevent discrimination, from the Japanese government. The native are also knows as   Ezo, and it is suggested that their history goes back to about 1200 CE. As like other primitive cultures throughout the world, the Ainu culture has encountered problems with the modern culture of Japan, it   clashed to an extent that the Japanese government did not acknowledge and sought to eliminate it. The Ainu are know for their   trading contact with the Japanese during the Tokugawa Period (from 1600-1868). They were originally a hunting-and-gathering society, who also focused on fishing. The Ainu culture is noticeably different from the Japanese, there are several unique customs, for example the men never trim their beards or shave after certain age, and the women have tattoos just above the mouth are common. The traditional religion is a type of animism, which symbolises their hunting and gathering nature. It is thought by many scholars that the Jomon are in fact the Ainu or at least descendents from the Jomon people. Studies conducted Ainu using DNA samples suggests there is a similarity between Jomon and Ainu.[3] Furthermore, it is also believed that there is a connection between Ainu and the Polynesians that they have a common origin and belong neither to the Caucasian nor to the Mongolian race, although they possess some characteristics of both the Ainu and the Polynesians had a common, ancient ancestry. There appear to be common cultural elements that have persisted despite the different influences the north has suffered. Studies have proven a strong resemblance between Philippines, Indonesia, and Melanesia and Ainu   which is evident by the general culture, their clothing, handcraft, household implements, weapons, ornament, religious ceremony and cult suggests there is a strong link. Although there are indications that a large number of Ainu lived in the southern part of the Russian peninsula called Sakhalin, the northern part of Honshu on the main island of Japan called Tohoku, and the Kurile Islands, the main part however inhabited the Ainu is Hokkaido. The Ainu who lived in Russia were forced by the Russian government to move into Hokkaido, others who lived in Kurile Islands died as a consequence of poverty, bad conditions which eventually lead to diseases. Peter Geiser, who is a professor of Sociology, suggests that Ainu may have migrated from the south and reached Honshu. Mongoloid also migrated to Honshu from Korea, thus the Ainu and Mongols have mixed in blood, and so the Ainu may have Mongoloid characteristics. Also it is believed that Ainu ancestors may have also been placed in Southeast Asia. As a consequence of the discrimination and oppression suffered, the Ainu were not a group that   were able to stuck together , as result divided to three groups: 1) the Kurile Ainu, who lived on the Kurile Islands in present-day eastern Russia; 2) Sakhalin Ainu, who were habitants of   northern Sakhalin Island now known as eastern Russia; and 3) Hokkaido Ainu, who lived on Hokkaido and southern Sakhalin Island. Therefore there are three main dialects of the Ainu language; Hokkaido-dialect, Sakhalin-dialect, and Kurile-dialect there is a big difference between the Hokkaido-dialect and the other two dialects. None of these Ainu tribes have letters or characters; as a result there is no written record of the Ainu language available today. The Ainu language, culture customs and life is endangering of vanishing as, the population is rapidly diminishing as result of discrimination, which forced them to migrate. This resulted in the Ainu being forced to assimilate with the Japanese by the Former Aborigine Protection Law enacted in1899, which prohibited expressions of Ainu culture, native language and forced to take Japanese names. However, a law enacted in 1997 that gave the Ainu official status as Japan’s original inhabitants, recognized their language and culture and gave them the legal right to be different changed this. From then on the Ainu were recognised by the Japanese government the Ainu the language was acknowledge as the language of aboriginal Japanese people on Hokkaido Island, north of Japan. Separate from the Japanese language, however spoken before Japanese, which in some ways is a modern version of the Ainu language. Although, there is an acceptance of the language it is still significantly in decli ne as currently almost all of the Ainu speak Japanese. Ainu is an endangered language, as it is currently moribund, meaning that there are not many children who are native speaker as it is not taught in schools .It has been estimated that there are currently fewer than 100 speakers of Ainu. However, there is an internal movement for the revival of the Ainu language, which denied there is a decline in the number of native Ainu people, which led to the Ainus increased marginalization. Only recently, on June 6, 2008, did the Japanese officially recognize the Ainu as an indigenous group and repeal the act of 1899. Even so the Ainu is an almost extinct language of Japan. It is thought to have been the language of the ancient Jomon culture. It is further believed that the Jomon Continued to be practiced by people who fled from the invading pressures to have become the Ainu language eventually. In the process, the old Japanese would have adopted some of the Jomon traditions, such as place names, person names, stories and expressions. Biological studies also suggest that the Ainu people are closer to the people who form European nations. Linguistically, the Ainu language has similar syntax structure to Japanese, but differs in the use of pronouns used as verbal prefixes. It is considered by some linguists that the Ainu language is a distant family of the Finno-Ugric subgroup of Ural-Altaic language group. There are studies suggest that the Ainu people are probably a branch of a group of people who originally came from the North Ural mountains, and spread from Finland to Northeast Siberia between 700 BC to 700 AD[4]. This is from the cultural religious similarity found in old ruins, but culture can be transferred by contact of people, so the origin of Ainu people is still not known for sure. However, until the twentieth century, Ainu language was also spoken during the Southern half of the Island of Sakhalin also minor people in the Kuril Islands. It became used as a lingua franca in the Kuril Islands. However, by the first decade of the twentieth century the language ceased to be spoken on Kuril Island, it was only spoken on the Sakhalin island as a lingua franca between the local language and also between the local administrative and Japanese fishing industries. However, the language gradually started to disappear, in 1949 there was only 100 reported speaker in Sakhalin island which by the late twentieth century the last remaining speaker of the Sakhalin island had died. Furthermore, Ainu language in global context was no usually accepted in part with any other family language. However, Ainu is an isolated language as history suggests it is language from a group that has never need accepted in society, which is one of the reasons why it is difficult to state their origins, as it was almost a taboo to speak the language. Thus the reason why it is concerned an isolated language. According to  Ã‚   John C. Street (1962), Ainu, Korean, and Japanese are the same descendants and Turkic, Mongolic, and Tunngusic other group, the difference between the two families is like in a common â€Å"North Asiatic family†. However, Ainu is a declining language, and has been endangered for at least the past few decades. The Ainu language is known as a moribund language, which has been endangered for at last a few decades. The remaining 25,000 ethnic Ainu only speak Japanese as a consequence of the assimilation.   In the town of Nibutani (part of Biratori, Hokkaid) where there is remaining native speakers live, there are 100 speakers, out of which only 15 used the language every day in the late 1980s. However, use of the language is on the rise. There is currently an active movement to reinstate the language mainly in Hokkaid and to increase the number of speakers as second-language learners, especially in Hokkaid. There is no doubt the Aniu language has over time suffered enormous decline, what sociolinguists refer as a language shift[5]. As a consequence of the discrimination the Ainu’s people suffered especially at the hands of the Japanese, although to a certain extent there has been attempts to ratify through the activism of the Ainu people in 1986, which was a result of the statement made by the Japanese prime minister that the Japanese people are mono-ethnic. This provided members of the Ainu association with the will power to fight to have their rights legalise and to have their own language. However, it is doubtful as to the exact number of Ainu speaker today, as stated above much still fear discrimination and still is reluctant to say they are Ainu. The Law stated above was aimed at preservation and maintain of Ainu language and culture was published in 1997. In theory it is still a declining language, customs, even though they have been legally recognized the Japanese government is still reluctant to recognize Ainus right to be Ainu and prohibit the existence of Ainu language and culture from being discriminated. Presently in Japan there are many centres, foundations and societies devoted to reinstating and promoting of Ainu language and Ainu culture, but all they are just half measures, as all they do is provide awareness of the language.   They do not deal with the fact that the language is significantly declining this something that only autonomy resolve this problem. It is time for the Japanese and the Russians to accept their links to the Ainu and to no longer see them as an inconvenient for Japanese colonization as well as for Russian. Although, there is a significant decline to the point that the language is considered endangered it should not be forgotten that the Ainu still exist and they have much more rights to be the owner of so-called northern territories and should no longer be oppressed and ashamed to be a Ainu. The answer to this may lay in the ‘Northern territories being handed back to the Ainu as only then will they have a sense of belonging, which in term will preve nt them from being oppressed and ashamed. Bibliography Books Mark Janse – (2003) Current issues in linguist theory, language death, and language maintenance – Benjamin publishing Llc Books (2010)|Endangered Unclassified Languages: Ainu Language, Yukaghir Languages, Kwaza Language, Ongota- general publisher Fishman, Joshua A. 1991. Reversing Language Shift. Theoretical and Empirical Foundations of Assistance to Threatened Languages. Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters. Shibatani, M. 1990, The Languages of Japan, Cambridge University Press, Volumes 4-5 p.155 Journals Chew, John J. The Significance of Geography in Understanding the Relationship of Japanese to other Languages. In Irmela Hijiya-Kirschnereit and Jurgen Stalph, eds. Bruno Lewin zu ehren: Festschrift aus Anlass seines 65. Geburtstages, Band I Japan: Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaftliche Beitrage. Bochum: Universitatsverlag Dr. N. Brockmeyer, 1989. Maher and Yashiro (eds.) Multilingual Japan, (pp. 103_124). .. Zentella, A.C. (1995) Towards an anthropolitical linguistic perspective on language shift and International Journal of Bilingualism, Vol.1, Number 1, 81-10 Online resources: www.factanddetails.com http://users.tmok.com/~tumble/jpp/japor.html www.japantimes.co.jp

Jimmy Cater essays

Jimmy Cater essays Before the 1976 election, Nixons successors attempted to restore the nations lost faith in government (as cited in Britten, and Mathless, 1998, p.46). Fords efforts to tame inflation without plunging the economy into recession failed. Society needed a noble, honest, and decent man for the next president of the United States. So in the 1976 election, Gerald Ford ran for president against Jimmy Carter, a peanut farmer from Georgia. Although unknown at first, Jimmy Carter became a tough competition to Ford with his commercials, his campaign, and his integrity. Carter had a strong symbolic position to run against everybodys invisible opponent that he was able to ride his white horse all the way to Washington. Jimmy Carters commercial relays a message of political context, appeals to his set of audience, and effects society to vote for Carter for president. From the ground floor as a peanut farmer to a chance to run for president, Jimmy Carter was heading to the top floor of the empire state building with his happy political commercial. With Carters tie with the trilateral, he received the inside track for favorable media coverage with his commercial (as cited in Shoup, 1980, internet). His commercial Essence starts off with the upbeat music symbolizing a happy, joyous man. The first second of the commercial shows Jimmy Carter shaking hands with ordinary people. Most politicians just show themselves as noble men before the election, but Carter was always a true noble man because the only dirt they found on him was the dirt under his finger nails due to farming. Another example of a key factor in his commercial is his slogan, a leader for a change. The slogan gives Carter an opportunity to convince the people through media that he was not a rustic yahoo, but a man to be taken seriously. At this time, a change in leadership wa...

Business integration of offline and online retailing

Business integration of offline and online retailing Offline and online retailing will soon become completely integrated into one. This will mean that one will not be able to do without the other. In the fast-moving world, Alibaba Group has been able to emerge as the biggest e-commerce company in the world. They made the shift to data company due to the integration of online and offline retailing. Data is a powerful tool used to help businesses understand their consumer preferences and to alter their products to make better ones while improving the customers’ experience. This is what the Alibaba Group strives on. Uni-Marketing During the Cannes Lions Innovation festival, Alibaba unveiled some marketing tools that allowed the use of real-time data to target Chinese customers and their preferences. One that I fond interesting was Uni Marketing. It analyses real-time data from the Alibaba Group ecosystem to be able to provide brands with accurate insight into the customers’ preferences and behaviors. This is helpful to the b rands to be able to segment the customers while creating ample room for communication among them and their customers. It is able to target more clearly than other similar tools because it uses the whole Alibaba’s ecosystem data to be able to provide references of customers all across China. Publicis Groupe has been the first to adopt this strategy, which it targets to use and understand its luxury customers better. Uni Marketing is based on four strategies. The first one is exhausting the ‘Brand Databank’, which is an online dashboard providing data from customers and suggesting actionable steps. The second is Uni Strategy with help in efficiently categorizing its customers; learn its behaviors, which eventually provides a complete picture of how different customers behave. The third is Uni Communication. It is an ad-serving tool, which gathers information from all leading Chinese media and feeds it to the Databank. This way allowing agencies to improve market capabilities and support brands. The fourth is the Uni Operation, which finally enables brands to personalize and create content for customers building relationships effectively across the board. Potential Business Value of Using Data It has been predicted that by the year 2020, the Chinese cloud market could reach $20billion. Consider that two years ago it was only $1.5billion (Clark, 2018). Alibaba is tapping into the offline market in China and eventually worldwide by integrating its immense online retail with the offline one. This means tapping into new ventures in the group. It has consistently shown improvement in its revenues. Its computer networks and massive data it contains gives it advantages in the technological innovations. It still continues to come up with technological advances that co-integrate the customers to the sellers. This friendly environment creates trust which turns into increased value on the business side of things of the group. Alibaba is the most diverse and complex Internet-based company in the world. Through personalizing their data and making it more secure, more customers will prefer a friendly interface while shopping which is a source of value addition to the Alibaba Group. The Relationship Between the Use of Data and the Analytic Value Escalator Gartner’s Analytic Value Escalator is a framework used in business to integrate platforms, people and processes to align them to give or be able to strategically approach business in a smooth approach. The company has been able to do this through its immense collection of data helping them learn and understand the preferences of their customers. Through online and offline integration, the company has been able to effectively use the framework. This clearly indicates that Alibaba fits in the Analytic Value Escalator and keeps using it to provide better services to its customers.

Reflective Reading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reflective Reading - Essay Example According to one of the Chinese women, studying in the U.S. is good as it exposes a person to the rest of the world. In addition, staying in America enables one to live freely according her personality (Dongxiao, 2009). The young woman believes that her life is simple in U.S. since the country gives her room to do her things and explore life freely without many restrictions. However, she asserts that life can be very boring and lonely to someone who is not actively participating in social life. Thus, for students who are not very open or sociable, she advises that they should better not consider studying in the United States. According to the Chinese student, being socially active in the U.S. goes a great way in helping a person to know others. As there are many people from many countries of the world, remaining active helps someone to get a touch of different nationalities in the same land. Another Chinese woman asserts that although the educational system in the U.S. is enticing, prospective foreign students need to be Christians (Dongxiao, 2009). She says that without a strong Christian background, people tend to feel lost in the foreign country. A person may lose connections with her native country and end up becoming confused or engage in illicit behaviors. As earlier said, the U.S. learning institutions consist of people from many countries that come to seek quality education. Additionally, living away from home tends to give a student freedom to do what she pleases. Thus, the many cultures clustered together coupled with much freedom, can confuse a person who lacks a strong rooting in her beliefs. The Chinese student believes that Christianity enables a person to find peace in the land of confusion. A person will better handle any inevitable difficulties. According to (Dongxiao, 2009), the advice from the two girls gives a glimpse of their perceptions

International Marketing Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

International Marketing Assignment - Essay Example Most of the investors who invest in business in Indonesia must have the authorization from the senior governmental officers hence proper plans should be made by the business top management bodies to familiarize the senior government official of the detailed information about the business and its intentions to Venter to the countries market. On the other hand, the company also should put in to place the proper measures to enhance promotion. This is the process through which awareness is created to the people and every person in the target market are familiarized with what is being offered by the company. By being present in most mainstream malls, which are major interacting places for teenagers is in itself, a critical strategy to be a dominant force in the teens’ market. Furthermore, they are intensely tottering on luxury and casual wear by offering higher prices but fall short of the ones demanded by the designer’s1. As a result, this strategy has allowed the company to market to a wide array of social classes. Even though they are very specific on age, appropriateness their target of class is not hence promotion play a major role in ensuring the company maintains completion and that people know its products. In summary, therefore when it comes to getting into, capturing and penetrating a new market especially in foreign countries, businesses usually find it challenging and difficult. For Abercrombie and Fitch to succeed in the Indonesian market it will have to do the following:- Market Segmentation is defined as the process of separating a market into direct groups of consumers who may need separate products. There are numerous bases for segmenting the market; they are psychographic, geographic and demographic variables2. A Psychographic criterion is defined as the process that considers both psychological and sociological information. Psychological nature entails attitude, motivations, and personality. Sociological

Answer Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Answer Questions - Assignment Example Preventing the development of addiction in young people is essential. Family involvement is important for the families who have an addictive problem. Disclosure among a parent with an addictive problem to the child is essential as well as letting the child know that addiction is a family problem and it runs in the family, thus the child will be aware of their chances of being an addict. In schools, it is important to educate the children on the consequences that result from abusing drugs such as addiction so that the young people can be aware. Teachers and parents should be involved in childcare to discover any abnormal behaviors of the child to offer corrective measures as such behaviors result due to instances of drug abuse (Vida &Rasa, 2011). Children from alcoholic’s families have a four-ten times risk of becoming alcoholics themselves. Hereditary is a major predisposing factors to drug addiction. It is important for such parents to discuss and disclose their addiction problems to their children. Despite the problems being faced by addict parents, the child needs to be shown that they are loved. They need to know that it is not their fault that the parent has an addictive problem. The parent needs to involve the child in their own program of rehabilitation by assuring them that they will do everything to get out of the problem. It is good to discuss with the child about drug addiction as it is hereditary so that the child may avoid any instances. In so doing, young people will be aware of drug addiction thus will be very cautious not to develop an addiction problem. Often, alcoholism and other drug addictions are a family legacy. The family (parents) has the major responsibility to provide support for the alcoholic children or drug addicts. Treatment period brings the family together enhancing and opening up communication within the family structure. The parents needs to offer physical, emotional as well as

Bishop, V. (1998) suggests that effective clinical supervision needs a Essay

Bishop, V. (1998) suggests that effective clinical supervision needs a managerial commitment to its implementation and ongoing operation. Discuss and describe how you might gain this - Essay Example ever, a majority ÃŽ ¿f school counsellors do not receive adequate supervision; indeed, many are supervised by school administrators who are not trained in counselling (Roberts & Borders, 1994; Sutton & Page, 1994). The American Association ÃŽ ¿f Counselling and Development School Counselling Task Force (1989; now ACA) has declared a need for counselling supervision ÃŽ ¿f practicing school counsellors (hereafter referred to as clinical supervision). However, there are few studies on the effects ÃŽ ¿f clinical supervision on veteran counsellors ÃŽ ¿f any type (Bernard & Goodyear, 1992) and even fewer on school counsellors. Research on the effects ÃŽ ¿f clinical supervision on school counsellors is rare (Crutchfield & Borders, 1997; Roberts & Borders, 1994; Sutton & Page, 1994). Just one ongoing clinical supervision program ÃŽ ¿f school counsellors was found in a literature search, but other than informal comments from the participants, the authors did not report formal evaluation findings (Henderson & Lampe, 1992). Two peer group, clinical supervision programs have been described and tested in the literature: Borders (1991) Systematic Peer Group Supervision and Benshoff and Paisleys (1996) Structured Peer Consultation Model for School Counsellors. When compared with no supervision, the quantitative research findings on both programs were not significant (Crutchfield & Borders, 1997). The counsellor participants in Crutchfield and Borders (1997) study were provided few opportunities for supervision training, and their involvement in clinical supervision was limited to the duration ÃŽ ¿f the study. As a consequence ÃŽ ¿f the lack ÃŽ ¿f clinical supervision programs and research, there was a call for school systems to design and examine methods ÃŽ ¿f school counsellor supervision. Recent Counsellor Educators and Supervisors Network (CESNET) exchanges underscore the necessity and the complexities ÃŽ ¿f establishing clinical supervision ÃŽ ¿f school counsellors. In a December 1998 article in

Metropolitan studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Metropolitan studies - Essay Example Mass production of manufacture requires that not only machines are concentrated in specific locations but also the labor force. In turn, the creation of the proletariat led to the creation of the middle class in the cities. Soon the services sector emerged as a market, for services were created due to the concentration of labor. Urban centers are actually centers of concentration of labor residents and the middle class. It is both a system for rule and a result of the division of labor, natural flow of development, and a phenomenon brought about by technological factors. A city can be created through myths and violence but basically it is â€Å"an agglomeration of productive forces built by labor employed within the temporal process of circulation of capital† (Harvey 214-228, 229). For the first case, we can cite the work by W.E.B. Dubois of 1899. Du Bois reported that during the year American Blacks had been segregated, unlike other social groups of Philadelphia, in that â€Å"they do not form an integral part of the larger social group† (117). According to Du Bois, unlike other social groups, the segregation of the American Blacks was â€Å"conspicuous, more patent to the eye, and so intertwined with a long historic evolution, with peculiarly pressing problems of poverty, ignorance, crime and labor, that the Negro problem far surpasses in scientific interest and social gravity most of the other race or class questions† (118). Du Bois hinted that the growth of the Black American slum district of the Philadelphia is somehow linked with the development of the working class. He noted that many alleys are â€Å"haunts of noted criminals, male and female, of gamblers, and prostitutes, and at the same time of many poverty-stricken people, decent but not energetic† (122). Du Bois also noted an â€Å"increased restriction in the employments open to the Negro men since 1880 or even

Prepare a short lesson that is in PowerPoint( at least 8 slides, but Essay

Prepare a short lesson that is in PowerPoint( at least 8 slides, but no more) Topic is your choice - Essay Example The animation type used for the text is the â€Å"shape animation.† This has been chosen since it gives a shrinking-like impression, which tends to illustrate the action of weight loss. In addition, a next button, which gives the person using this presentation an idea that he or she should navigate to the next slide. For this to work explicitly, navigation by mouse click has been disabled. This slide also has supporting notes in the notes area. These notes are meant to guide the presenter in explaining what the presentation is about. In this case, it helps the presenter say more regarding the title of the presentation. In order to have the audience’s attention, the use of sound, â€Å"suction†, have been implemented to signal the begging of the presentation. Slide #2 The second slide contains information about what the presentation will mainly focus on. Action tool for implying emphasis known as â€Å"titter† has been used to help emphasize and capture the attention of the audience. In addition, the main text body in this slide has been animated. The animation style employed is the â€Å"float-in† animation style. This has also been selected to promote emphasis and catch the audience’s attention. It has also been chosen so as illustrate the text in point form. ... The transition is time based, and in this case, it is 2.00 seconds. This is to give the presenter enough time to advance on or explain the points one at a time. Supporting notes have been provided for this slide too. Action buttons to signify and enable the presenter to initiate navigation to the next slide and the previous slide has also been put in this slide. For this to take effect, navigation by mouse click has been disabled. Slide #3 The second slide contains information about what the presentation will mainly focus on. Animation tool/style known as â€Å"fade† has been applied on the heading of this slide. This is to help emphasize and capture the audience’s attention. In addition, the main text body in this slide has been animated. The animation style employed is the â€Å"float-in† animation style. This has also been selected to promote emphasis and catch the audience’s attention. It has also been chosen so as illustrate the text in point form. Th e transitions in this slide are not triggered by mouse clicks but are rather time based depending on when last a previous item displayed. The time interval for the transitions in this slide is set at 2.00 seconds. This allows the audience to follow the presentation and be able to distinguish between one distinct point and the next. This slide, just as slide #1 also has a background aimed at improving the appeal of the presentation and communicating the theme of the presentation. These transitions have been made to display one after the other without the presenter necessarily initiating their display through a mouse click. This is to give the presenter enough time to advance on or explain the points one at a time. Supporting notes have been provided for this slide too.

Metropolitan studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Metropolitan studies - Essay Example Mass production of manufacture requires that not only machines are concentrated in specific locations but also the labor force. In turn, the creation of the proletariat led to the creation of the middle class in the cities. Soon the services sector emerged as a market, for services were created due to the concentration of labor. Urban centers are actually centers of concentration of labor residents and the middle class. It is both a system for rule and a result of the division of labor, natural flow of development, and a phenomenon brought about by technological factors. A city can be created through myths and violence but basically it is â€Å"an agglomeration of productive forces built by labor employed within the temporal process of circulation of capital† (Harvey 214-228, 229). For the first case, we can cite the work by W.E.B. Dubois of 1899. Du Bois reported that during the year American Blacks had been segregated, unlike other social groups of Philadelphia, in that â€Å"they do not form an integral part of the larger social group† (117). According to Du Bois, unlike other social groups, the segregation of the American Blacks was â€Å"conspicuous, more patent to the eye, and so intertwined with a long historic evolution, with peculiarly pressing problems of poverty, ignorance, crime and labor, that the Negro problem far surpasses in scientific interest and social gravity most of the other race or class questions† (118). Du Bois hinted that the growth of the Black American slum district of the Philadelphia is somehow linked with the development of the working class. He noted that many alleys are â€Å"haunts of noted criminals, male and female, of gamblers, and prostitutes, and at the same time of many poverty-stricken people, decent but not energetic† (122). Du Bois also noted an â€Å"increased restriction in the employments open to the Negro men since 1880 or even

Figures of speech Essay Example for Free

Figures of speech Essay * Why are figures of speech important? * How can figures of speech add more meaning to poetry? Objectives: * Compile figures of speech found in songs * Decode the figures of speech used in the compiled songs 1. â€Å"Why does love always feel like a battlefield, a battlefield† (Battlefield by Jordin Sparks) – Simile. The song compares love to a battlefield because love means sacrifice and compromise, just like when you’re in a battlefield. 2. â€Å"Shot me out of the sky, you’re my kryptonite† (One Thing by One Direction) – Metaphor. This song directly compares you and kryptonite which means you are compared to his/her weakness. 3. â€Å"Cause Id get a thousand hugs from ten thousand lightning bugs as they tried to teach me how to dance† ( Fireflies by Owl City† – Personification. In this song, the ten thousand lightning bugs has human like characteristics which is that they were trying to teach him how to dance. 4. â€Å"Dear John, I see it all now that you’re gone, don’t you think I was too young to be messed with?† (Dear John by Taylor Swift) – Apostrophe. Taylor Swift is addressing â€Å"John† who is gone or who is absent. 5. â€Å"I know how to laugh but I dont know happiness (Love Tried to Welcome Me by Madonna) Irony. Because when you laugh, it means that you are happy but even though she knows how to laugh, she isn’t happy. 6. â€Å"Who would have known how bittersweet this would taste?† (Someone Like You by Adele)- Oxymoron. This is an oxymoron because bitter and sweet are two opposite words though they are in one statement. 7. â€Å"Before the door’s closed and it comes to an end† (Keep Holding On by Avril Lavigne) – Metonymy. This line of the song is metonymy because the word â€Å"door† substitutes the idea of â€Å"an opportunity†. 8. â€Å"‘Cause you know I’d walk a thousand miles, if I could just see you tonight† (A Thousand Miles by Vanessa Carlton)- Hyperbole. This is a hyperbole because this statement was exaggerated. Nobody could walk a  thousand miles. 9. â€Å"Whatever happened to Amelia Earhart? Who holds the stars up in the sky? (Someday We’ll Know by New Radicals) – Allusion. The song refers to Amelia Earhart who is a historical character. She was the first aviatrix to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean. 10. â€Å"You’re the devil in disguise† (Walk Like An Angel by Elvis Presley) – Metaphor. It is a metaphor because the singer is directly comparing â€Å"you† to the devil. 11. â€Å"You and I go hard at each other like we’re going at war† (One More Night by Maroon 5) Simile. It is a simile because the song compares that they’re going hard at each other with going at a war 12. â€Å"I have died everyday waiting for you† (A Thousand Years by Christina Perri†) – Hyperbole. Because it’s exaggerated. Nobody could actually die just waiting for a person and nobody could die every day. 13. â€Å"Forgive him when his tongue lies through his brain, even after three times he betrays me† (Judas by Lady Gaga) – Allusion. In this song, they are referring to Judas Iscariot from the bible, because like what is stated in the song, Judas Iscariot was the one who betrayed Jesus. 14. â€Å"And you shouldnt have to be alone, I would rather be alone together â€Å"(Alone Together by Daley) – Oxymoron. This is an oxymoron because alone and together is opposites yet they are joined in one statement.

Strategies for Family Communication

Strategies for Family Communication INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATION Introduction A family is the important structure of any society and happy families can make a happy society. Every human being wants to live in a happy environment as a family is the place where people will find the achievement of their life time. Modern families often face multiple relationship issues which have begun contributed from the changed of lifestyle and poor relationships within the family members. Communication is the key to build a cheerful family. Talking with each other in the family and having frequently family gathering could help in keeping the relationship closer. Even between the couples, talking can release the tensions and promotes the affection closer. Never argue or shout at each other unnecessarily which can make the relationship worse. (ProKerala, 2014) Understanding the function of communication within the family will help us to avoid conflict and maintain good relationship. Certain conflicts could arise when family communication barriers are exists. Individual need of the family members cannot be reached all the time. This means that we have to make some compromises to fulfill the needs of others. Compromising does not mean that we have lost and the others in the family have won, but through this we can create a new solution to harmony. Be a good listener and acknowledging and respecting opinion of the other, could make a difference within the family members. Beth Lee, (2013) Family Tree Family communication My family is an average family in its size. It’s is comprises with my parents, me, my wife and my two daughters. We can define ourselves as an extended family. Both my daughters are grown up now. During their childhood, they grow in the environment where their grandparents are there to teach them the way of life how it is supposed to be in the nature. They taught them the way of respecting elderly people in the family. My relationships with my daughters are just like a friend. They learn through the way how my relationship with my parents. My children’s always like to share things that happened in their school every day. This keeps our relationship even closer compare to any other family that I know off. When the parents are there to listen and understand their needs, the relationship with the children and parents will be greater. My parents passed away 18years ago and it is probably one of the hardest things that I have to tolerate. Keeping myself positive, I can always say that I will be forever thankful to him for giving me the happiest childhood’s days that not many of them can get. My farther is my superhero, my light, and my role model. In my family, I have improvised the family communication compare to my old time. It is no longer parents and children relationship. We try to be their friends and share their problems with us. This is best way to keep them together and prevent them from getting wrong advice from their friends which can lead them to a wrong direction. Communication in the family is very important to determine how the relationship is going to be between the family members. Growing children requires more attention and proper guidance. We could manage the obstacles ahead by keeping calm and discuss with them on the problem and provide possible solution to solve them. Children nowadays would like make their own decision compare with like old days where parents decide for them. As a parent, we should be able to provide multiple solutions and help them on decision making which is good for them. We also should explain the consequences of making wrong decisions to them. The challenges that all parents may face is to make them convince on the suggestion that they give. The best way is to use live examples from similar cases which can relate to the situation. This only can be done when we can have proper communication link with them. Most of our children are facing many challenges in their schools. It may come from their friends, teaches or from their studies itself. They might not understand the subject they study or it is very challenging to them. We as parents should always keep an eye on them and communicate with them whenever we see their body language is changes. Help them to find other resources to help them to understand the problem that they are facing. It is again comes back to the communication factor. If we are not able to communicate with the children well, than we could not find out the problems and the solutions as well. A family communication process derived from the interactive relationship and interdependence among the family members. This is a hardest process and it has been practicing from the day one. In the family communication concept, there are several important things that we have to observe to establish a happy family. As quoted by Little John (1983), â€Å"there is no such thing as an ideal family in this world†. It is only a communication process in the family which determine the results of both happy and sad experience in their family. Communication happens when the family members are willing to interact and share their feeling with the family members. Normally a healthy family will attempt to maintain the closeness and handle any conflict in the family. Immaterial of being any form of a family, communication plays an important role in determining the quality of the life in this world. Ways to bridge generation gap among family members Generation gap between the family members is the major problem that is hard to digest. It is very difficult to compare with those people growing up in 1960’s with the one in this latest generation. The cultures that the parents practiced during old days are no longer applicable and not practical for this generation. Our children’s clothes are too weird and their music is too loud and although they are speaking English, we simply cant understand a word what they speak. We might be on the wrong side of a generation gap. Cross the distance by remembering how much the children wanted to be understood by their parents when they were grown up. Normally it no a requirement to like or even understand what’s happening surrounding but our children tastes it. Communicating regularly with our children is one of the best ways to bridge the generation gap, as coated by the â€Å"American Psychological Association†. Listening and talking are essential elements to build good relationship between parents and children’s. As parents, we have to show our children that their interests are ours although the age gap between us too far. When a kid is growing into a teenager, the communication might become difficult for the parents to understand. To keep the discussion open, parents must pay close attention to our children’s habits. If our child tends to be quiet around the house during the week due to long days stress with school, homework and extracurricular activities, do not push the issue. We have to make a note to them when the children are more open and feeling relax, like in the car, at the dinner table or on weekends. Make a point to them that we are always available to talk and discuss with no subject is off limits. When our children’s do come to us, we should not quickly agree with what they are saying instead we have to listen more than speak. Get to understand first what they are pointing out to make analyse before give comments. If we want to keep closer the gap between our children and us, we have to learn to speak their language that they speak. Keep up with the current trends that define our children’s generation from the slang they use, music, movies, the electronic tools and clothes to social networking and current events. It’s very important that we become adept in today’s technology, so we can monitor our children’s online presence and help them to make wise choices on the internet and beyond. Although we might feel like our critical years was not passed long time ago, it’s important to accept that times has been changed. It is not appropriate to compare our old time with current generation. We should not pressure our children to follow the old models of thinking and being it. Stop saying things like â€Å"when I was your age,† â€Å"This is not the way how used to do it† or â€Å"I just don’t understand these kids today.† It’s not a battle. It is about our family. The past was not proven to be better. It was just different. We have to accept the things as the way it is and try to understand the changes rather than comparing the current days to our passed years. Parents interested in bridging the generation gap required to be more opened and adjusted. The parents have to be flexible in their ideas and actions to keep up with their children’s immediate changes of current development. If we restrict ourselves â€Å"This is who I’m, and this is how I’m going to be† then the gap between the parents and children will only expand as they grows older. We have to keep in mind that parenting is not an exact science. What worked with one child might not work with another one. We must be willing to adjust our parenting style to suit our children’s needs. (Oubria Tronshaw, 2014) Once parents understand what children are communicating through their behaviour, they can respond better. When the children feel respected and have their needs are met, reason for using challenging action to communicate is no longer required. Shouting or punishing a child for curtain behaviour may be able to restrict only for a particular moment, but it does not provide alternative ways for a child to act in difficult situations. When adults use punishment, which not allowed in current generation, they are sending wrong signal that anger is a good way to solve problems. When parents are able to help their children find an alternative way to communicate their needs, they will learn important of social and problem-solving skills that will help them throughout their life. (PBS Parents, 2013) Family Anecdotes Anecdote 1 During last December school break, the whole family of mine gone for a tour at Langkawi, Kedah. We had a nice tour during day time and late in the night we planned to go for a movie that just released on the cinema. Although we are tired, we just cannot reject my children’s request because that is the best way to understand our children and get them closer becoming their friend. In past days, the parents were totally reluctant to go for movies with their children fearing of coming across an embarrassing scene in front of the child, and now they are not just breaking that idea, but also going out to enjoy movies together. This explains that the recent movies, we go together with our family. â€Å"The secret life of Walter Mitty† it is about to see the world, things dangerous to come, to see behind walls, draw closer to find each other and to feel. The story is about a day-dreamer escapes his anonymous life by disappearing into a world of fantasies filled with bravery, ro mance and action. When his job along with that of his co-worker are threatened, he takes action in the real world start on a global journey that turns into an adventure more extraordinary than anything he could have ever imagined. Whatever they are shown through these movies is part of the society, and tomorrow when our kids will grow up and goes to work; they might have to face all that, so why should we not take this as an opportunity to explain things to them. After this movie we had a chat together and discussing about the moral of the story that the day dreaming is only an imagination and will not help in shaping their real life. Our children were enjoyed the moment and they appreciate that we are able share exchange opinion and moments are brought our relationship even closer. It was a turning point for our children that we can never forget. Anecdote 2 There was a time during childhood; I together with my father and brothers’ used go for fishing at the lake nearby our house. A day before we have to prepare the bait needed for the fishing trip. We will dig out the worms from the soil to use as bait to catch the small fishes. The small fishes become bait for bigger fishes. My brothers will take me to the location by riding bicycles. Once we reach there, my brothers will explain the strategies for the fishing. Every one of us is thought of the sign language so we don’t make much noise which can scare the fishes off. We will than assigned at specific area and start our adventure. It is great joy when we together fish around the lake and catching a lot fishes to bring back home. The more fish we get, the more excitement we get to go forward. We will take a break to refresh ourselves and enjoy the food that we brought together. The feeling is like we are having a family camping at outdoor. It is very much different exciteme nt compare to what we are doing now that is routine work and study. Once it gets darker, we will bring back the catches to home and my sisters will clean them up and my mum cooks them for dinner. Everyone in the family will enjoy our mums fish curry cooking and the remaining fishes will be kept for the following days. It is not all about the fishing day out, but the enjoyment in our communication between brothers, sisters and parents for the whole day that we can never forget. These moments cannot be erased from our memory and we still questioning ourselves why this day cannot be the same as old days. Vision of ideal family Every family have their own ups and downs and has its share of arguments and regrets. But this does not mean our family should be at very smooth way of life. It’s always a choice for how a family should be. In my opinion, an ideal family should able give self-respect one to others in the family. This is very important because every individual have their own interest and opinions. Miss understanding between husband and wife should be avoided at the first place. This is the main factor that most of the family have resulted to conflict and impact on their children’s. If this can be avoided, the next challenge is the growing children’s. I always would like be father who wanted to understand my wife and children’s problem and needs and fulfil their expectation as much I could within my capacity. The conflict always arises when the family members fail to communicate with each other and everyone has their own ego. I would like create an environment where my family members would like to come back home early wherever they go. For example, although my daughters are growing and extended their studies in university, I wish them to comes back home whenever they have their semester break. I’m also intended if I could get the family together even my daughters are married. I wish to create an environment where the family members are always wanted to return home when they feels to do so. I’m already started the footsteps that can be seen by my children to participate in any family gatherings whenever possible with my parent in law’s which make them happy in their old age. I hope my children’s also can do the same in future when we are getting old and not left lonely anymore. 2790 Words References Beth Lee/LIVESTRONG.COM. (2013). What Is Family Communication?. Retrieved Feb 14,2014, from http://www.livestrong.com/article/144390-what-is-family-communication/ Oubria Tronshaw/ GlobalPost. (2014). What Can Be Done to Bridge the Generation Gap Between Parents and Children?. Retrieved Feb 15,2014, from http://everydaylife. globalpost. com/can-done-bridge-generation-gap-between-parents-children-18716.html ProKerala.com. (2014). Tips on making your family a happy family. Retrieved Feb 14, 2014, from http://www.prokerala.com/relationships/family/happy-family-tips.php PBS Parents. (2013). Five Facts Every Family Should Know. Retrieved Feb 15,2014, from http://www.pbs.org/parents/inclusivecommunities/challenging_behavior2.html

Computer Crime :: Technology

Formatting Problems Computer Crime One of the newest areas of crime is what we call computer crime. The at least seeming anonymity of computer technologies may actually encourage some people who would not otherwise be tempted to commit crimes to do so using the Internet. They may simply believe that they will never be caught, or they may not think about being caught at all. They may simply find the lure of committing virtual crimes too psychologically appealing to resist. Many of those who commit crimes on the Internet are in fact psychologically disturbed and need compassionate treatment by psychiatric professionals. However, this does not lessen the real harm that they can do to people and they must be stopped. Combating the global computer crime pandemic is becoming an increasingly urgent issue, as identity theft and spyware are occurring with alarming frequency. Early instances of computer crime found individuals, corporations and law enforcement unprepared, uninformed and immobilized to address computer crime re sponsively. This resulted in victims suffering long drawn-out battles to regain their identities. With no guidelines to assist them, many victims endured frustrating battles that yielded little benefit. Corporations likewise faced many obstacles in their uncharted course to recover from data theft. As defined, technology has created a gateway for computer criminals, allowing for easy access to personal or business computers via the internet. Cyber criminals use several different methods to infiltrate business and personal computers; fraudulent marketing schemes, on-line auctions, work-at-home schemes, gambling operations, and spam, just to name a few. Many times home owners and businesses have no idea they have been the victim of a cyber crime. Types of computer crime can sometimes lose their significance when we as citizens wrap it all up into one expression, â€Å"computer crime.† There needs to be a further breakdown and a better public understanding of what computer cri me actually is and these types of computer crime will hopefully shed some light on the current problems faced today. Cyber terrorism is the convergence of terrorism and cyberspace. It is generally understood to mean unlawful attacks and threats of attack against, computers, networks, and information stored on these mediums. It’s done to intimidate or coerce a government or its people in to promote political or social objectives. To qualify as cyber terrorism, an attack should result in; violence against persons or property, cause enough harm to generate fear, attacks that lead to death or bodily injury, explosions, plane crashes, and severe economic loss.

Ethnicity and Female Equality: A personal Opinion Essay -- Sociology G

Abstract The subject of my essay will be a compilation of facts and opinions on the role of ethnicity and gender on female status in the United States. Equality for females and males is influenced by ones ethnicity, by the media, by stereotypes, and by the myth of equal rights. The research methods that will be used for this essay will be only the personal opinions of the author of this essay. One believes that the findings of this essay will show that ethnicity and media generated stereotypes influence gender roles and that inequality for females is a fact of life. Ethnicity and Female Equality: A Personal Opinion The role of ethnicity plays an important part in our society's view and the status level that is afforded to females. The overall level of female status in America is not as high as males, but this status is even further lowered when a female comes from an ethnic minority. These minority females face a double-edged sword in a society that puts an emphasis on maleness and whiteness. Society is an evolving object and the role of females and minorities has improved steadily throughout our history, but improvement is still needed to make one and all more equal. The role of socialization is in a sense began even before a child is born. Parents anticipate the sexual gender of their child and prepare accordingly. Nurseries are painted blue of pink and either denim or lace is bought. Thus, one sees that even before birth children are stereotyped into gender roles. Parents also, often only want a child to be male and are extremely disappointed if their child is born female. This failure to meet a parents overall urge for a son can have terrible psychological and sociological aspects on a child. The author of ... ...males and males are not equal in this society and probably never will be. There is little that any single individual can do to change this. To be comfortable with one's gender and to live the most gratifying life that is possible females must accept who they are and realize that to a large extent that this is a "male-dominated world" that exists. By accepting this truth females can attain personal growth and power by being what they want and by being able to fulfill the society expected roles that are stereotyped to them. This by no means is a belief that adheres to the popular thought of feminization and equal rights, but it is one that the author of this paper believes has been beneficial to her. It is by accepting one's femininity and role that one can achieve harmony not only with one's self but with the society at large and with the expectations of our ethnicity.

How can cross cultural psychology be applied to other fields beyond the field of psychology? Essay

Cross cultural psychology can be defined as the study of the mental and behavioral conception of an individual within different cultural backgrounds by describing its invariance and variability. Human psychology is made to change invariably with changing environmental conditions. This process brings about changing dimensions into effects, self conceptions, cognition and psychopathological deviations. Conceptually, this leads to change in the individuals psychological aspects such as depression, and anxiety that comes as an adaptation to the changing psychological environment. Cross cultural psychology is therefore a fundamental process which is application in various aspects beyond the scope of psychology. At one level, it can be applied in the analysis of the social phenomena of people interaction within social settings and structures. This is primarily important because the influence of human interaction is modeled by various fundamental effects held in their psychological view. Social structures that are defined by the interaction of the people and their components are an important aspect in determining the basic scope of functionality into these societies. (Jimmy, 2004, p. 46) Cross cultural psychology is important in the current process of globalization and internalization. Different spheres of globalization have intermingled cohesively with one another as dictated by cross cultural psychology of the people. As of necessity, technological diffusion across different cultural origins modeled by different strands of psychological dispensations has been an important aspect. The variables of globalization and internalization have been cohesively safeguarded by the components of cross cultural psychology which is of necessity in creating mutual obligation and understanding between different party components (Jimmy, 2004, p. 57). Some health valuations have been modeled through principles of cross cultural psychology. Virtually, treatment of various disorders based on psychological foundations has used models of cross cultural psychology in developing persuasive intervention of the problem. For example, this phenomenon has been used in dealing with stress and other psychological disorders that emanate from the diversity in cross cultural foundations (Jimmy, 2004, p. 65) Reference Jimmy Peterson (2004) The Foundations of Cross Cultural Psychology. New York, Prentice Hall, pp. 46, 57, 65